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 | | With the high resultant compressive strength and high gamma ray tolerance, CSF encapsulation offers a cost-effective alternative to expensive treatments. |  | TVGI’s patent pending technology has excellent physical properties and offers significant economic, environmental and logistical advantages over current products and technologies. |
 | CSF is an easy to work with room temperature process and would involve simple off-the-shelf mixing equipment. | Passed the Department of Transportation (DOT) Oxidizer Test. | ||
 | CSF is an enhanced polymer that can be easily incorporated into flexible or rigid configurations based on specific formulations designed to application criteria. | Compressive Strength – Test criteria required 60 psi at waste loads up to 50%. Test results indicated CSF able to maintain strengths greater than 60 psi up to 65% waste loading. | ||
 | ERROR MSGDurability Testing: Water Immersion and Base Resistance testing – No visual signs of either deterioration or measurable reductions in compressive strength. Compressive strength was measured to be greater than 637 psi. | |||
| Other Potential Applications: fire retardency, insulation, mine remediation, thermal barriers, nuclear and toxic waste barriers, special construction liners and coatings. | ||||
 | TECHNOLOGY VISIONS GROUP, INC. POLYMER ENCAPSULATION TECHNOLOGY TECHNICAL DATA SHEET | |||
| | Compressive Strength {ASTM D695M(85)}: Achieves compressive strength greater than 600 psi at UTS waste loading as high as 40%. Achieves compressive strength greater than 750 psi at waste loading as high as 80%. Mixing Study. Mixing studies of various formulations for calcine waste at loadings up to 80% by mass and varying viscosities from 100,000 to 44,000 cP at 250C results in cohesive monoliths with compressive strengths greater than the recommended American Nuclear Society value. Heat Generation. Minimal heat generation (_30C) during the curing of PET encapsulated calcine waste using three base PET formulations. Hydraulic Conductivity {ASTM-D-5084(90)}. PET formulations up to 50% waste loading show an order of magnitude smaller than the Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirement of 1 x 10-7 cm/s. Water Immersion {U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. "Technical Position on Waste Form." Rev. 1. January 1991}. Five samples (50% waste loading) immersed in de-ionized water at 200C for 30 days show no signs of deterioration and only minimal swelling. Achieved compressive strength greater than 600 psi, exceeding the target value of 500 psi. Wet/Dry Cycling {ASTM D-4843}. Tests conducted to determine the effects of repeated wet and dry conditions on the integrity of the waste form show that the PET samples have no measurable change in compressive strength and only a 1% or less change in total mass. Base Resistance Exposure to alkali conditions similar to those at waste sites. PET samples immersed in an aqueous, sodium hydroxide solution at pH 12.5 for 30 days show no signs of sample deterioration or swelling (<1%). Compressive strength was measured in excess of 600 psi, exceeding the target value of 500 psi. Department of Transportation Oxidizer Test {DOT Oxidizer Test, 49 CFR 173, 127 Appendix F, Rev. Oct. 1995}. The protocol compares an untreated test sample and three PET nitrate waste formulations with regard to their ability to increase the burning rate or burning intensity of a combustible solid by placing a wire heated to 10000C inside the test samples in accordance with 49 CFR 173.127. PET encapsulated waste did not burn after approximately 30 minutes. Based on these results, the untreated nitrate salt waste would require transportation under Packing Group I, while the PET encapsulated waste form can be transported without a specific packing requirement as an oxidizer because it did not burn. Zero Head Space Testing for TCE. An outside laboratory {Ecology & Environment, Inc.} also tested the Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) PET encapsulated samples at 50% loading with high chloride salt for trichloroethylene content and received a reading of "nondetect." Heavy Metal Leach Testing Toxicity Characteristic Leach Procedure (TCLP) performed with Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) high nitrate and high chloride salt PET encapsulated samples. At 50% waste loading, all samples show levels under current Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulatory levels. Service Temperature. -50 to 2500C. Chemical Resistance/Thermal Stability. The polymer is stable in 0.1 and 3.0 mol/l nitric acid as well as in pH 0.1 and pH 1.1 HCL acid. The polymer sample is stable in pH 13 NaOH. The cured polymer is very resistant to solvents. The base material is stable below 300C and has a glass transition temperature below -40C. The addition of additives increases the stable temperature above 300C. From 300C to 1,100C, the polymer loses 20% of its mass and transitions to a ceramic above 1,100C. The material forms metal oxides above 1,600C. The material passes tests such as NFPA 258 smoke emission, ASTM-E162 flame spread, SPM-800 toxicity test, ASTMD-1171 method A ozone resistance test and is rated 1 under FAA 14CFR part 25-22-121. RADIATION DAMAGE RESISTANCE/CONTAINMENT CAPACITY. Early formulations of Orbit’s polymer were exposed to radiation up to 7.5 Grad and fuel matrix representatives such as U-233, Pu-239, Cm-244, Cs-137 and Eu-152 in concentrations of 0.5 mol/l to 3 mol/l nitric acid in the 107 Bq/ml (1 Ci /ml) activity range were tested. There was no evidence of either migration of the radioactive materials into the polymer matrix or escape from the matrix. | |||
| | TECHNOLOGY VISIONS GROUP, INC. Toxcitity Characteristic Leaching Procedure Evaluation of Mixed Waste Focus Area Surrogates Utilizing Ceramic Silicon Foam (CSF) All CSF samples showed levels significantly under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act regulatory limits.
High Nitrate Waste 50% Waste Loading High Chloride Waste 50% Waste Loading Regulatory Level. Cadmium 0.04 0.17 1.00 • Chromium 1.30 0.68 5.00 ND = Not detected. • Mercury 0.06 0.01 0.20 NT = Not tested. Lead ND ND 5.00 TCE = Trichloroethylene. • TCE NT NT 1.00 | |||
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